Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Which of the following was NOT a leading cause of mortality in the early 1900s?

1. Cerebrovascular disease

2. Influenza

3. Diarrhea/enteritis

4. Pneumonia

The correct answer is: Cerebrovascular disease

Cerebrovascular disease was not among the leading causes of mortality in the early 1900s primarily because it was not accurately recorded or recognized as a distinct cause of death at that time. Medical knowledge and diagnostic criteria were not as developed as they are today, leading to other conditions being attributed to causes like heart disease or advanced age rather than specifically identified cerebrovascular incidents, such as strokes. In contrast, influenza, diarrhea/enteritis, and pneumonia were prevalent and significant causes of mortality during that period. The early 20th century experienced various influenza pandemics, and infectious diseases like pneumonia were common, especially during the winter months when respiratory illnesses peaked. Diarrhea and enteritis, often linked to unsanitary conditions and lack of access to clean drinking water, were also major health concerns, particularly among children. The understanding and documentation of these diseases and their impacts have evolved, but at the beginning of the 1900s, they were recognized as critical public health threats.