Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Which model is characterized by groups working simultaneously yet not interacting?

1. Delphi technique

2. Program planning model

3. Community-as-partner model

4. Community empowerment model

The correct answer is: Program planning model

The program planning model is characterized by structured phases that guide the development, implementation, and evaluation of public health programs. In this model, various stakeholders, such as community members, health care professionals, and policymakers, often work on separate tasks or components of the program concurrently without direct interaction between each other. This approach allows for parallel processing of information and development of ideas, enabling efficient use of time and resources. This model emphasizes planning and systematic evaluation but does not necessitate immediate or ongoing communication between the groups involved. Consequently, individuals or organizations can focus on their specific roles or responsibilities while contributing to a larger project. This is particularly useful in complex public health initiatives where many components are being developed at once, making it essential for groups to work effectively and independently. In contrast, other options emphasize interaction, collaboration, or community participation. For instance, the Delphi technique relies on feedback and open communication among experts to reach a consensus. The community-as-partner model focuses on collaboration and mutual goal-setting among community members and health workers. The community empowerment model aims to actively engage community members in the decision-making process, fostering collaboration and collective action.