Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Which health problem requires control in developed countries?

1. Hepatitis

2. Malaria

3. Polio

4. Smallpox

The correct answer is: Hepatitis

Hepatitis is indeed a significant health problem in developed countries, primarily due to its various forms, particularly Hepatitis A, B, and C. Each type has differing transmission methods and public health implications. Hepatitis B and C are serious concerns because they can lead to chronic liver disease and are often spread through blood or bodily fluids. Therefore, controlling hepatitis through vaccination, screening, and public education is critical in developed nations to reduce their prevalence and associated health complications. In contrast, while malaria, polio, and smallpox have had substantial impacts globally, they are not currently widespread health threats in developed countries. Polio has been largely eradicated in many regions due to effective vaccination programs. Smallpox has been eradicated globally since 1980, meaning it no longer poses a public health risk. Malaria is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions and has been largely controlled in developed areas due to improved living conditions and mosquito control measures. This context underlines why hepatitis remains a pertinent issue that demands ongoing public health attention in developed countries.