Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Which ethical principle focuses on the welfare of others?

1. Non-maleficence

2. Autonomy

3. Beneficence

4. Justice

The correct answer is: Beneficence

Beneficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the moral obligation to act for the benefit of others. It involves taking action to promote the welfare, health, and well-being of individuals or communities. In public health nursing, this principle guides healthcare professionals to provide care that enhances the quality of life and prevents harm, ensuring that their actions truly support those in need. This principle stands out because it encompasses not only the avoidance of harm but also the proactive enhancement of others' welfare. While non-maleficence refers to the obligation to avoid causing harm, beneficence encompasses a broader responsibility that includes taking positive steps to improve the situation of patients and communities. Autonomy emphasizes respecting a person's right to make their own choices, which, while important, is not directly about the welfare of others. Justice pertains to fairness and equity in the distribution of resources and treatment, ensuring that everyone has access to healthcare without discrimination. Thus, beneficence uniquely aligns with the commitment to prioritizing the welfare of others in the context of public health.