Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

What was the primary purpose of the Marine Hospital Service, now known as the Public Health Service?

1. Set policy on quarantine for immigrants

2. Provide health care for merchant seamen

3. Promote environmental interventions

4. Establish hospital-based care for the sick

The correct answer is: Provide health care for merchant seamen

The primary purpose of the Marine Hospital Service, now known as the Public Health Service, was to provide health care for merchant seamen. This organization was established in the early 19th century to address the health needs of sailors who faced various medical issues due to the conditions of their work and the environments they operated in. The service aimed to ensure that these workers, who were critical to commerce and trade at the time, received necessary medical care and support. Historically, the Marine Hospital Service set a standard for health care provision tailored specifically to a workforce that was often neglected in terms of health services. By focusing on the well-being of merchant seamen, the service played a crucial role in maintaining a healthy maritime workforce, which was essential for national and international trade. Alternative options may reference important aspects of public health and health policies; however, they do not align with the foundational purpose established for the Marine Hospital Service. For instance, while setting quarantine policies was critical during disease outbreaks, such regulations were not the primary driver for the establishment of the Marine Hospital Service. Likewise, promoting environmental interventions and establishing hospital-based care relate more to broader public health initiatives rather than the original focus on providing direct health care specifically for merchant seamen.