Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

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What does the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) protect individuals from?

Discrimination based on age
Discrimination based on genetic information
Pre-existing condition exclusion in health insurance
Employer collection of medical records

The correct answer is: Discrimination based on genetic information

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) specifically protects individuals from discrimination based on their genetic information. This legislation was enacted to address the concerns that individuals might face discrimination in health insurance and employment based on their genetic predisposition to certain health conditions. By prohibiting such discriminatory practices, GINA ensures that individuals cannot be denied coverage or employment opportunities simply due to their genetic makeup or family medical history. This is particularly important in promoting fair treatment and encouraging individuals to undergo genetic testing without fear of repercussions. The other options refer to different types of discrimination or protections that are outside the specific scope of GINA. For instance, discrimination based on age falls under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, while issues relating to pre-existing conditions are addressed through the Affordable Care Act, and laws regulating the collection of medical records encompass additional privacy protections that are a part of various health care regulations.