Public Health Nursing Practice Exam

Food intoxication is primarily caused by:

1. Toxins produced by bacterial growth and chemical contaminants

2. Bacterial, viral, or parasitic invasion of food

3. Overcooking of meat and produce

4. Adding too many spices or ingredients to food

The correct answer is: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic invasion of food

Food intoxication primarily occurs due to the ingestion of toxins that are preformed in food as a result of bacterial growth. This means that the bacteria produce harmful substances (toxins) while growing in the food, and these toxins can then cause illness when consumed, even if the bacteria themselves are no longer alive. Common examples include foodborne illnesses caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Clostridium botulinum, where the toxins they produce can lead to severe health effects. The other options highlight important concepts within food safety, but they do not accurately define food intoxication. For instance, while bacterial, viral, or parasitic invasion refers to foodborne infections which occur when pathogens invade the body after being consumed, this is distinct from intoxication. Overcooking meat and produce or adding excessive spices may affect the flavor or texture of the food, but they do not relate to the definition of food intoxication as it pertains to toxins and foodborne illnesses. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing the various ways food can cause illness and the importance of food safety measures.